COURSE 2 – INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
Module 1: What is AI? Applications and Examples of AI
IBM AI DEVELOPER PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATE
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TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION – What is AI? Applications and Examples of AI
Throughout this week, you’ll embark on a journey into the world of AI, gaining a comprehensive understanding of its essence and significance. We’ll delve into its myriad applications, exploring the vast landscape where AI manifests its transformative power.
From healthcare to finance, from transportation to entertainment, the influence of AI permeates various sectors, reshaping the way we live, work, and interact with technology. By the end of this exploration, you’ll emerge with a profound appreciation for the profound impact AI has on our lives and its boundless potential for the future.
Learning Objectives
- Define AI.
- Describe examples, applications, and impact of AI.
- Describe Generative AI and list some of its use cases.
- Explore an interactive AI app.
GRADED: WHAT IS AI? APPLICATIONS AND EXAMPLES OF AI
1. Which of the following is NOT a good way to define AI?
- AI is the use of algorithms that enable computers to find patterns without humans having to hard code them manually
- AI is all about machines replacing human intelligence. (CORRECT)
- AI is Augmented Intelligence and is not intended to replace human intelligence rather extend human capabilities
- AI is the application of computing to solve problems in an intelligent way using algorithms.
While AI can involve simulation or imitation of intelligent human behavior, it is not solely about machines having human intelligence. It also involves machines augmenting human intelligence by extending human capabilities.
2. Which of the following is an attribute of Strong or Generalized AI?
- Can perform specific tasks, but cannot learn new ones
- Operate with human-level consciousness
- Perform independent tasks (CORRECT)
- Cannot teach itself new strategies
Strong or Generalized AI can perform independent tasks and teach itself new strategies to solve new problems.
3. AI is the fusion of many fields of study. Which of these fields, along with Computer Science, plays a role in the application of AI?
- All responses are correct (CORRECT)
- Mathematics
- Philosophy
- Statistics
AI is the fusion of all of these fields of study, and more. While Philosophy provides guidance on intelligence and ethical considerations in the application of AI, Mathematics and Statistics help determine viable learning models and measure performance.
4. Which of these is NOT a current application of AI?
- Self-Driving vehicles utilizing Computer Vision to navigate around objects
- Collaborative Robots helping humans lift heavy containers
- Classifying rock samples to identify best places to drill for oil
- Making precise patient diagnosis and prescribing independent treatment (CORRECT)
In Healthcare, while AI is being used to support doctors arrive at more accurate preliminary diagnoses, it is not yet being used to replace one-on-one interactions between doctors and patients.
5. Natural Language AI algorithms that learn by example are the reason we can talk to machines and they can talk back to us.
- True (CORRECT)
- False
The Natural Language Processing and Natural Language Generation capabilities of AI make it possible for machines and humans to interact with each other using natural language. Examples of this include Watson, Alexa, Siri, Cortana, and Google Assistant.
6. Advances in the field of Computer Vision make which of the following possible?
- Real-time transcription
- Detecting cancerous moles in skin images (CORRECT)
- On-demand online tutors
- Detecting fraudulent transactions
Computer vision algorithms are helping doctors arrive at more accurate preliminary diagnoses. AI-powered advancements in this technology make it possible to find symptoms in X-Ray and MRI scans and even detect cancerous moles in skin images.
7. Which of these is currently NOT an application of Collaborative Robots or Cobots?
- Robots helping humans lift heavy containers
- Robots assisting or replacing humans in jobs that may be dull, dangerous, ineffective or inefficient when done by humans
- Personal use in the home such as doing the laundry and cooking for example (CORRECT)
- Robots helping move items on shelves for stocking purposes
Collaborative robots being used in homes to support us in our personal tasks such doing laundry independently is certainly a future possibility but not yet a reality.
8. Which of the following aspects involved in converting the stethoscope into a digital device to support patient diagnoses involves the use of AI?
- Graphing heart beat data on the mobile device allowing a physician to spot trends
- Sending digital signals to a mobile device with a machine learning app via bluetooth
- Inserting a digitizer into the stethoscope tube to convert the analog sound of the heart beat into a digital signal
- An app on the mobile device that applies learnings from previous diagnosis data to assist the physicians in their current diagnoses (CORRECT)
The app that uses machine learning algorithms trained on previous diagnosis data to suggest diagnosis and assist the physician in their findings is very much an application of AI.
9. Which of the following are applications of Artificial Intelligence in action?
A. IBM Watson utilizing its information retrieval capabilities to provide technical information to oil and gas company workers.
B. Watson analyzing Grammy nominated song lyrics over a 60-year period and categorizing them based on their emotions.
C. Assisting patients with neurological damage by detecting patterns in massive movement related datasets and using robots to trigger specific movements in the human body to create new neural pathways in the brain.
D. Law enforcement authorities using facial recognition algorithms to identify suspects in multiple streams of video footage
- Only option A is correct
- None of the options are correct
- All of the options are correct (CORRECT)
- Only options A, B, and C are correct
10. Which of the following is NOT a way that AI learns?
- Intuitive learning (CORRECT)
- Reinforcement learning
- Unsupervised learning
- Supervised learning
AI learns by examining examples to create machine learning models based on provided inputs and desired goals. And it does this in three different ways – Supervised, Unsupervised, and Reinforcement Learning.
11. Which one of these ways is NOT how AI learns?
- Supervised Learning
- Unsupervised Learning
- Reinforcement Learning
- Proactive Learning (CORRECT)
AI learns by examining examples to create machine learning models based on provided inputs and desired goals. And it does this in three different ways – Supervised, Unsupervised, and Reinforcement Learning.
12. Which of the following are attributes of Weak or Narrow AI?
- Perform specific tasks (CORRECT)
- Teach itself new strategies in a variety of domains
- Learn new tasks to solve new problems
- Make decisions based on programmed algorithms and training data in a specific domain (CORRECT)
Weak or Narrow AI is AI that is applied to a specific domain and can perform specific tasks.
Weak or Narrow AI is AI that can perform specific tasks in specific domains by making decisions based on programmed algorithms and training data.
13. What is the role that philosophy plays in AI?
- Determine the application in software and hardware
- Provide guidance on ethical considerations (CORRECT)
- Determine viable learning models and measure performance
Philosophy provides guidance on intelligence and ethical considerations.
14. In which of the following ways can Artificial Intelligence (AI) be defined?
- AI is about giving machines the intelligence and capabilities to think like humans so they can do every job that a human can
- AI is the application of computing to help machines solve problems in intelligent ways without humans having to hard code the desired outcomes manually (CORRECT)
- AI is an augmented intelligence, whihc helps human experts make evidence-based informed decisions while the machines do the time-consuming work (CORRECT)
AI is about augmenting human intelligence by providing information and evidence that subject matter experts need to make informed decisions. AI uses mathematical algorithms to examine examples and create machine learning models based on the inputs and desired outputs.
15. Which of these statements describes AI accurately from the speakers point of view?
- AI enables computers to understand certain kinds of data that they could not have understood before, such as natural language, auditory and visual data (CORRECT)
- AI is human intelligence simulated wholly within a computer
- AI will be the downfall of humanity
AI can process vast amounts of both structured and unstructured human data to understand patterns.
16. Which of the following are applications of Computer Vision?
- On-demand online tutors
- Detecting fraudulent transactions
- Self-driving cars (CORRECT)
- Finding symptoms in X-Ray and MRI scans (CORRECT)
Computer Vision is the reason self-driving cars can steer their way on streets and highways and avoid hitting obstacles.
Computer Vision make it possible to find symptoms in X-Ray and MRI scans and even detect cancerous moles in skin images.
17. Which of the following aspects involved in converting the stethoscope into a digital device to support patient diagnoses involves the use of AI?
- Amplifying the sound of heart beats so the physician can detect patterns more easily
- Inserting a digitizer into the stethoscope tube to convert the analog sound of the heart beat into a digital signal
- Using a machine learning model trained with previous diagnosis results to assist physicians with their current diagnosis (CORRECT)
Using a machine learning algorithm trained with previous diagnosis data to assist physicians with their findings is a use of AI technology.
18. Which of these is NOT an application of AI?
- Precise disease diagnoses and prescribing treatments independently (CORRECT)
- Classifying rock samples to identify best places to drill for oil
- Collaborative Robots helping humans lift heavy containers
In Healthcare, while AI is being used to support doctors arrive at more accurate preliminary diagnoses, it is not yet being used to make precise disease diagnoses independently.
19. AI is being used in the recovery of patients who have suffered a neurological trauma by triggering new neural pathways to form in their brain using robotic devices to trigger corresponding movements in the body.
- True (CORRECT)
- False
Different movements of the human body correspond to specific parts of the brain that control these movements. By creating massive data sets of information of how people move and how that corresponds to different areas of the brain, AI-powered robots are able to trigger specific movements in the human body which in turn create new neural pathways in the brain.
20. In which of these applications did Watson analyse emotional themes and categorize them based on varied human emotions?
- Watson playing Jeopardy to win against two of its greatest champions, Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter
- Watson teaming up with the Academy to analyze Grammy nominated song lyrics over a 60 year period and categorize them (CORRECT)
- Watson collaborating with ESPN to share insights that help Fantasy App users make better decisions to win their weekly matchups
Watson analyzed Grammy nominated song lyrics over the last 60 years to identify the emotional themes in music and categorize them on the basis of emotions such as joy, sadness, and other emotions.
CONCLUSION – What is AI? Applications and Examples of AI
In conclusion, our exploration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) this week has provided us with a deeper understanding of its essence, applications, and transformative potential. From its fundamental principles to its practical implementations across various industries, we have witnessed the profound impact AI has on shaping our present reality and envisioning the possibilities of our future.
As we continue to navigate the ever-evolving landscape of technology, let us remain curious, engaged, and vigilant, leveraging the power of AI responsibly for the betterment of humanity.
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