Categorizing things is one of the six problem types data analysts solve

Course 2 – Ask Questions to Make Data-Driven Decisions Quiz Answers

Week 1: Effective Questions

GOOGLE DATA ANALYTICS PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION

Complete Study Guide

Effective Questions INTRODUCTION

To become an effective data analyst, you must be able to ask the right questions and identify the best ways to answer them. A great way to learn how to do this is by taking Coursera’s Google Data Analytics Certificate course.

This course offers an overview of the basic concepts of data analytics and provides guidance on how to use spreadsheets, query languages, and visualization tools effectively for analysis. You’ll also get tips on how to design a successful project that utilizes all these skills. After completing the course, you will be well-versed in important topics such as data collection techniques, types of questions to a

Learning Objectives

  • Explain the characteristics of effective questions with reference to the SMART framework
  • Discuss the common types of problems addressed by a data analyst
  • Explain how each step of the problem-solving roadmap contributes to common analysis scenarios
  • Explain the data analysis process, making specific reference to the ask, prepare, process, analyze, share, and act phases
  • Describe the key ideas associated with structured thinking including the problem domain, scope of work, and context

Optional: familiar with data analytics? – take our diagnostic quiz

1. Optional speed track for those experienced in data analytics

Categorizing things is one of the six problem types data analysts solve. This type of problem might involve which of the following actions?

  • Using data to envision how something might happen in the future
  • Analyzing how one action leads to or affects another
  • Classifying or grouping items (Correct)
  • Noticing something outside of the ordinary

Correct: Categorizing things involves classifying or grouping items in order to gain insights.

2. Finding patterns is one of the six problem types data analysts aim to solve. This type of problem might involve which of the following?

  • Taking categorized items and grouping them into broader topic areas
  • Identifying trends from historical data (correct)
  • Analyzing how one action leads to or affects another
  • Noticing something outside of the ordinary

Correct: Considering inclusive sample populations, social context, and self-reported data enable fairness in data collection.

3. In the SMART methodology, questions that encourage change are described how?

  • Relevant
  • Specific
  • Action-oriented (Correct)
  • Time-bound

Correct: Action-oriented questions encourage change.

4. Fill in the blank: In data analytics, qualitative data _____. Select all that apply.

  • measures qualities and characteristics (Correct)
  • measures numerical facts
  • is subjective (Correct)
  • is specific

Correct: Qualitative data is subjective and measures qualities and characteristics.

Correct: Considering inclusive sample populations, social context, and self-reported data enable fairness in data collection.

5. In data analytics, how are dashboards different from reports?

  • Dashboards provide a high level look at historical data. Reports provide a more detailed look at live, interactive data.
  • Dashboards are used to share updates with stakeholders only periodically. Reports give stakeholders continuous access to data.
  • Dashboards monitor live, incoming data from multiple datasets and organize the information into one central location. Reports are static collections of data. (Correct)
  • Dashboards contain static data. Reports contain data that is constantly changing.

Correct: Dashboards monitor live, incoming data from multiple datasets and organize the information into one central location. Reports are static collections of data.

6. Small data differs from big data in what ways? Select all that apply.

  • Small data is typically stored in a database. Big data is typically stored in a spreadsheet.
  • Small data is effective for analyzing day-to-day decisions. Big data is effective for analyzing more substantial decisions. (Correct)
  • Small data focuses on short, well-defined time periods. Big data focuses on change over a long period of time. (Correct)
  • Small data involves datasets concerned with a small number of specific metrics. Big data involves datasets that are larger and less specific. (Correct)

Correct: Small data involves a small number of specific metrics over a shorter period of time. It’s effective for analyzing day-to-day decisions. Big data involves larger and less specific datasets and focuses on change over a long period of time. It’s effective for analyzing more substantial decisions.

7. Fill in the blank: Some of the most common symbols used in formulas include + (addition), – (subtraction), * (multiplication), and / (division). These are called _____.

  • references
  • domains
  • operators (Correct)
  • counts

Correct: Operators are symbols used in formulas, including + (addition), – (subtraction), * (multiplication), and / (division).

8. In the function =SUM(G1:G35), identify the range.

  • G1:G3 (Correct)
  • =SUM
  • G35
  • =SUM(G1)

Correct: In the function =SUM(G1:G35), the range is G1:G35. A range is a collection of two or more cells.

9. To address a vague, complex problem, a data analyst breaks it down into smaller steps. They use a process to help them recognize the current problem or situation, organize available information, reveal gaps and opportunities, and identify options. What does this scenario describe?

  • Gap analysis
  • Analytical thinking
  • Data-driven decision-making
  • Structured thinking (Correct)

Correct: Structured thinking is the Process of recognizing the current problem or situation, organizing available information, revealing gaps and opportunities, and identifying the options.

10. Asking questions including, “Does my analysis answer the original question?” and “Are there other angles I haven’t considered?” enable data analysts to accomplish what tasks? Select all that apply.

  • Identify primary and secondary stakeholders.
  • Use data to get to a solid conclusion. (Correct)
  • Consider the best ways to share data with others. (Correct)
  • Help team members make informed, data-driven decisions.(Correct)

Correct: Data analysts ask thoughtful questions to help them reach solid conclusions, consider how to share data with others, and help team members make effective decisions.

Test your knowledge on taking action with data

1. A data analytics team works to recognize the current problem. Then, they organize available information to reveal gaps and opportunities. Finally, they identify the available options. These steps are part of what process?

  • Applying the SMART methodology
  • Using structured thinking (Correct)
  • Making connections
  • Categorizing things

Correct: This describes structured thinking. Structured thinking begins with recognizing the current problem or situation. Next, information is organized to reveal gaps and opportunities. Finally, the available options are identified.

2. In which step of the data analysis process would an analyst ask questions such as, “What data errors might get in the way of my analysis?” or “How can I clean my data so the information I have is consistent?”

  • Ask
  • Prepare
  • Process (Correct)
  • Analyze

Correct: An analyst asks questions such as, “What data errors might get in the way of my analysis?” or “How can I clean my data so the information I have is consistent?” during the process step. This is when data is cleaned in order to eliminate any possible errors, inaccuracies, or inconsistencies.

3. A data analyst has entered the Analyze step of the data analysis process. Identify the questions they might ask during this phase. Select all that apply.

  • What is the question I’m trying to answer?
  • How can I create an engaging presentation to stakeholders?
  • What story is my data telling me? (Correct)
  • How will my data help me solve this problem? (Correct)

Correct: The Analyze step involves thinking analytically about data. Data analysts might ask how the data can help them solve the problem and what story the data is trying to tell.

4. A data analyst is trying to understand what data to use to help solve a business problem. They’re asking questions such as, “What internal data is available in the database?” and “What outside facts do I need to research?” The data analyst is in which phase of the data analysis process?

  • Act
  • Prepare (Correct)
  • Share
  • Ask

Correct: The data analyst is in the Prepare step. This is when analysts consider what information to gather and what research they can do to help problem-solve.

Test your knowledge on solving problems with data

1. A data analyst identifies and classifies keywords from customer reviews to improve customer satisfaction. This is an example of which problem type?

  • Spotting something unusual
  • Finding patterns
  • Categorizing things (Correct)
  • Making predictions

Correct: A data analyst identifying and classifying keywords from customer reviews to improve customer satisfaction is an example of categorizing things.

2. The spotting something unusual problem type could involve which of the following scenarios?

  • A data analyst working for an agricultural company examines why a dataset has a surprising and rare data point. (Correct)
  • A data insight helps a landscaping company envision what will happen in the future.
  • A data analyst at a clothing retailer creates a list of common topics, categorizes them, and groups each category into a broader subject area for further analysis.
  • A data analyst at an arts nonprofit classifies similar data points into groups for further analysis.

Correct: The problem type of spotting something unusual could involve a data analyst examining why a dataset has a surprising and rare data point. Spotting something unusual deals with identifying and analyzing something out of the ordinary.

3. A data analyst at an online retailer works with historical sales data. The analyst identifies repeating trends in the sales data. This is an example of which problem type?

  • Categorizing things
  • Making predictions
  • Finding patterns (Correct)
  • Identifying themes

Correct: This is an example of finding patterns. Finding patterns deals with identifying trends in a data set.

Test your knowledge on crafting effective questions

1. A data analyst uses the SMART methodology to create a question that encourages change. This type of question can be described how?

  • Action-oriented (Correct)
  • Results-focused
  • Motivational
  • Stimulating

Correct: In the SMART methodology, questions that encourage change are action-oriented.

2. A time-bound SMART question specifies which of the following parameters?

  • The topic or subject of the analysis
  • The metrics or measures related to the analysis
  • The era, phase, or period of analysis (Correct)
  • The desired change the analysis should produce

Correct: A time-bound SMART question specifies the era, phase, or period of analysis.

3. A data analyst working for a mid-sized retailer is writing questions for a customer experience survey. One of the questions is: “Do you prefer online or in-store?” Then, they rewrite it to say: “Do you prefer shopping at our online marketplace or shopping at your local store?” Describe why this is a more effective question.

  • The first question is leading, whereas the second question could have many different answers.
  • The first question contains slang that might not make sense to everyone, whereas the second question is easily understandable.
  • The first question is vague, whereas the second question includes important context. (Correct)
  • The first question is closed-ended, whereas the second question encourages the respondent to elaborate.

Correct: Vague questions do not provide context. The second question clarifies that the data analyst wants to learn exactly how and where customers prefer to shop.

4. A data analyst at a social media company is creating questions for a focus group. They use common abbreviations such as PLS for “please” and LMK for “let me know.” This is fair because the participants use social media a lot and are likely to be technically savvy.

  • True
  • False (Correct)

Correct: Fairness means asking questions that make sense to everyone. Even if a data analyst suspects people will understand abbreviations, slang, or other jargon, it’s important to write questions with simple wording.

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Weekly Breakdown | Google Study Guides | Back to Top

Ask Questions to Make Data-Driven Decisions Weekly Challenge 1

1. Structured thinking involves which of the following processes? Select all that apply.

  • Recognizing the current problem or situation (Correct)
  • Organizing available information (Correct)
  • Revealing gaps and opportunities (Correct)
  • Asking SMART questions

Correct: Structured thinking involves recognizing the current problem or situation, organizing available information, revealing gaps and opportunities, and identifying the options.

2. While creating data visualizations for a slideshow, a data analyst considers, “What would help a stakeholder understand this data better?” The analyst is in the analyze step of the data analysis process.

  • True
  • False (Correct)

Correct: The analyst is in the share phase of the data analysis process.

3. If a cooking supply store wants to attract more customers, where can they advertise to better reach their target audience? Select all that apply.

  • At a bus stop near a local culinary school (Correct)
  • In a magazine all about advertising
  • On a podcast for foodies (Correct)
  • On TV during the season finale of The Best Chef in the Universe (Correct)

Correct: To better reach their target audience, they can advertise at a bus stop near a local culinary school, on a podcast for foodies, and on TV during the season finale of The Best Chef in the Universe. A target audience is the people you’re trying to reach. In this scenario, people who enjoy food and cooking are the store’s target audience.

4. A data analyst is working for a local power company. Recently, many new apartments have been built in the community, so the company wants to determine how much electricity it needs to produce for the new residents in the future. A data analyst uses data to help the company make a more informed forecast. This is an example of which problem type?

  • Identifying themes
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Discovering connections
  • Making predictions (Correct)

Correct: This is an example of making predictions. Making predictions deals with making informed decisions about how things may be in the future.

5. Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes or classifications.

  • True (Correct)
  • False

Correct: Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes or classifications.

6. Which of the following examples are closed-ended questions? Select all that apply.

  • How old are you? (Correct)
  • What are your thoughts about math?
  • What grade did you get on the math test? (Correct)
  • Is math your favorite subject? (Correct)

Correct: Closed-ended questions don’t encourage people to elaborate and share valuable details.

7. The question, “Why don’t our employees complete their timesheets each Friday by noon?” is not action-oriented. Which of the following questions are action-oriented and more likely to lead to change? Select all that apply.

  • How could we simplify the time-keeping process for our employees? (Correct)
  • What features could we add to our calendar app as a weekly timesheet reminder to employees? (Correct)
  • Why don’t employees prioritize filling out their timesheets by noon on Fridays?
  • What functionalities would make our timesheet web page more user-friendly? (Correct)

Correct: These questions are action-oriented. That means they’re more likely to result in specific answers that can be acted on to lead to change.

8. Which of the following questions make assumptions? Select all that apply.

  • Wouldn’t you agree that product A is better than product B? (Correct)
  • It must be frustrating waiting on hold for so long, right? (Correct)
  • Did you get through to customer service?
  • Keeping employees engaged is important, isn’t it? (Correct)

Correct: A common example of an unfair question is one that makes assumptions. Unfair questions assume the respondent’s answer to the question.

9. A data analyst creates data visualizations and a slideshow. Which phase of the data analysis process does this describe?

  • Share (CORRECT)
  • Process
  • Act
  • Prepare

Correct: This describes the share phase of the data analysis process.

10. A garden center wants to attract more customers. A data analyst in the marketing department suggests advertising in popular landscaping magazines. This is an example of what practice?

  • Collecting customer information
  • Developing a data analytics case study
  • Monitoring social media feedback
  • Reaching your target audience (CORRECT)

Correct: This is an example of reaching your target audience. In this scenario, people who read landscaping magazines are the target audience because they’re likely to be interested in shopping at the garden center.

10. Making predictions is one of the six data analytics problem types. It deals with using data to inform decisions about how things may be in the future. Select the scenario that’s an example of making predictions. 

  • A data analyst at a gas company uses historical data to analyze which time of year customers use the most gas.
  • A data analyst at a school system uses data to make a connection between home sales and new student enrollment.
  • A data analyst at a shoe retailer uses data to inform the marketing plan for an upcoming summer sale. (CORRECT)
  • A data analyst at a technology company uses data to identify a unique drop in social media engagement.

Correct: A data analyst at a shoe retailer using data to inform the marketing plan for an upcoming summer sale is an example of making predictions. 

11. Which of the following examples are vague questions? Select all that apply.

  • How much time did you spend waiting in line?
  • Who was the greatest of all time? (CORRECT)
  • Do you generally prefer hot or cold? (CORRECT)
  • What’s the best place to purchase the things we need? (CORRECT)

Correct: A vague question is usually out of context and too broad to lead to a useful response.

Correct: A vague question is usually out of context and too broad to lead to a useful response.

Correct: A vague question is usually out of context and too broad to lead to a useful response.

12. The question, “Why was the Monday afternoon yoga class successful?” is not measurable. Which of the following questions presents a measurable way to learn about the yoga class?

  • Is yoga a great way to stretch and strengthen your body?
  • How many customers responded to our half-price yoga promotion? (CORRECT)
  • Why do people like taking yoga classes on Mondays?
  • Do yoga instructors seem more energetic at the beginning of the week?

Correct: The number of customers who responded to the promotion can be counted, making this question measurable. 

13. On a customer service questionnaire, a data analyst asks, “If you could contact our customer service department via chat, how much valuable time would that save you?” Why is this question unfair?

  • It makes assumptions (CORRECT)
  • It is closed-ended
  • It uses slang words that not everyone can understand
  • It is vague

Correct: A common example of an unfair question is one that makes assumptions. These are questions that assume the answer to the question being asked.

14. Structured thinking involves recognizing the current problem or situation you’re facing and identifying your options.

  • True (CORRECT)
  • False

Correct: Structured thinking involves recognizing the current problem or situation you’re facing and identifying your options.

15.  The share phase of the data analysis process typically involves which of the following activities? Select all that apply.

  • Putting analysis into action to solve a problem
  • Creating a slideshow to present to stakeholders (CORRECT)
  • Summarizing results using data visualizations (CORRECT)
  • Communicating findings (CORRECT)

Correct: The share phase of the data analysis process typically involves communicating findings, summarizing results using data visualizations, and creating a slideshow to present to stakeholders.

Correct: The share phase of the data analysis process typically involves communicating findings, summarizing results using data visualizations, and creating a slideshow to present to stakeholders.

Correct: The share phase of the data analysis process typically involves communicating findings, summarizing results using data visualizations, and creating a slideshow to present to stakeholders.

16.  Fill in the blank: Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories, whereas _____ takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader classifications. 

  • Finding patterns
  • Making predictions
  • Discovering connections
  • Identifying themes (CORRECT)

Correct: Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes.

17.  The question, “How could we improve our website to simplify the returns process for our online customers?” is action-oriented.

  • True (CORRECT)
  • False

Correct: The question, “How could we improve our website to simplify the returns process for our online customers?” is action-oriented because it’s likely to result in specific answers that would lead to change.

18. A company wants to make more informed decisions regarding next year’s business strategy. An analyst uses data to help identify how things will likely work out in the future. This is an example of which problem type?

  • Discovering connections
  • Making predictions (CORRECT)
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Identifying themes

Correct: This is an example of making predictions. Making predictions deals with making informed decisions about how things may be in the future.

19. Describe the key difference between the problem types of categorizing things and identifying themes.

  • Categorizing things involves determining how items are different from each other. Identifying themes brings different items back together in a single group.
  • Categorizing things involves taking inventory of items. Identifying themes deals with creating labels for items.
  • Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes. (CORRECT)
  • Categorizing things involves assigning grades to items. Identifying themes involves creating new classifications for items.

Correct: Categorizing things involves assigning items to categories. Identifying themes takes those categories a step further, grouping them into broader themes.

20. Which of the following examples are closed-ended questions? Select all that apply.

  • What are your thoughts about math?
  • How old are you? (CORRECT)
  • Is math your favorite subject? (CORRECT)
  • What grade did you get on the math test? (CORRECT)

Correct: Closed-ended questions don’t encourage people to elaborate and share valuable details.

Correct: Closed-ended questions don’t encourage people to elaborate and share valuable details.

Correct: Closed-ended questions don’t encourage people to elaborate and share valuable details.

21. Questions that make assumptions often involve concepts that are formed without evidence. An example of this is an idea that is accepted as true without proof.

  • True (CORRECT)
  • False

Correct: Questions that make assumptions often involve concepts that are formed without evidence. For example, an idea that is accepted as true without proof.

22.  A recycling center that sponsors a podcast about saving the environment is an example of what strategy?

  • Staying on budget
  • Trying to reach a target audience (CORRECT)
  • Making recommendations
  • Defining the problem to be solved

Correct: A recycling center sponsoring a podcast about saving the environment is an example of reaching a target audience. In this scenario, people who care about the environment are likely to be interested in recycling.

23. Fill in the blank: When solving the _____ problem type, a data analytics team at a health care provider analyzes patient data from the past five years. They then use this information to understand what led to certain symptoms and what is likely to cause them again.

  • discovering connections
  • identifying themes
  • finding patterns (CORRECT)
  • categorizing things

Correct!

24. Which of the following statements correctly describe the SMART methodology? Select all that apply.

  • Specific questions are highly technical and detailed.
  • SMART stands for specific, measurable, action-oriented, relevant, and time-bound. (CORRECT)
  • Time-bound questions specify the time to be studied. (CORRECT)
  • Measurable questions can be quantified and assessed. (CORRECT)

Correct!

25. A software company wants to develop new applications that customers will enjoy. They use an algorithm to monitor current trends and gain business intelligence about customer buying patterns. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Categorizing things
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Discovering connections
  • Making predictions (CORRECT)

Correct!

26. For what reasons would it be unfair for a human resources manager to ask employees, “Why do you love working for our company?” Select all that apply.

  • It is vague
  • It is a closed-ended question
  • It is a leading question (CORRECT)
  • It makes assumptions (CORRECT)

Correct!

27. Fill in the blank: When solving the _____ problem type, a data analytics team notices a surprising shift in global economic conditions.

  • making predictions
  • discovering connections
  • identifying themes
  • spotting something unusual (CORRECT)

Correct!

28. A data analytics team sorts customer data by interests. Then, they group that information into broader concepts, such as customers who are interested in travel and customers who are interested in cooking. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Making predictions
  • Finding patterns
  • Discovering connections
  • Identifying themes (CORRECT)

Correct! 

29. Which of the following questions are open-ended? Select all that apply.

  • Is it difficult for you to speak in public?
  • On a scale of 1-10 (with 10 being highest), how interested are you in current events? (CORRECT)
  • How would you describe this book? (CORRECT)
  • What are the three most important life lessons you have learned? (CORRECT)

Correct!

30. A technology company faces escalating prices for a key part of one of its software applications. Data professionals at the firm discover that many other tech companies are experiencing the same issue. They reach out to the other affected businesses to share data and brainstorm solutions to their parallel challenges. What data problem type are they solving?

  • Discovering connections (CORRECT)
  • Categorizing things
  • Identifying themes
  • Making predictions

Correct!

31. Fill in the blank: The question, “How can we create a more innovative culture by empowering our employees to take risks?” is _____ because it encourages change.

  • action-oriented (CORRECT)
  • measurable
  • specific
  • relevant

Correct!

32. A junior data professional working for an online retailer is asked to determine which ads are most successful with shoppers. They review click-throughs compared to the type of ads presented, then group the ads accordingly. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Finding patterns
  • Discovering connections
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Categorizing things (CORRECT)

Correct!

33. Which of the following statements correctly describe the SMART methodology? Select all that apply.

  • Measurable questions relate to topics that are intangible or difficult to quantify.
  • Relevant questions lead to answers that help solve the problem. (CORRECT)
  • Time-bound questions specify the time to be studied. (CORRECT)
  • SMART stands for specific, measurable, action-oriented, relevant, and time-bound. (CORRECT)

Correct! 

34. A restaurant group is choosing the locations of new restaurant openings. They use an algorithm to monitor current trends and develop business intelligence about where people most frequently dine out. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Making predictions (CORRECT)
  • Categorizing things
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Discovering connections

Correct!

35. Fill in the blank: When solving the _____ problem type, a data analyst discovers an established competitor suddenly changing its marketing strategy.

  • making predictions
  • discovering connections
  • spotting something unusual (CORRECT)
  • identifying themes

Correct!

36. Fill in the blank: The question, “Which processes can we streamline by using technology more effectively?” is _____ because it encourages change.

  • action-oriented (CORRECT)
  • measurable
  • specific
  • relevant

Correct!

37. A data analyst working for a health care provider is asked to determine which clinics are most efficient and which are least efficient. They review performance data, then group the clinics accordingly. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Finding patterns
  • Discovering connections
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Categorizing things (CORRECT)

Correct!

38. Fill in the blank: When solving the _____ problem type, a junior data analyst at a home goods retailer provider analyzes sales data from the past three years. They then use this information to understand what led to slumps in customer demand and what is likely to cause them again.

  • finding patterns (CORRECT)
  • categorizing things
  • identifying themes
  • discovering connections

Correct!

39. A junior data analyst sorts sales data by product category. Then, they group that information into broader concepts, such as customer demographic and geographic region. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Identifying themes (CORRECT)
  • Discovering connections
  • Making predictions
  • Finding patterns

Correct!

40. Fill in the blank: The question, “Which aspects of our packaging can be updated in order to make our product more customer-centric?” is _____ because it encourages change.

  • relevant
  • specific
  • measurable 
  • action-oriented (CORRECT)

Correct!

41. A transportation and logistics provider aims to devise new delivery routes. They use an algorithm to monitor current traffic patterns and develop business intelligence about the busiest roads and intersections. Which data problem type does this scenario describe?

  • Making predictions (CORRECT)
  • Spotting something unusual
  • Discovering connections
  • Categorizing things

Correct!

42. Fill in the blank: When solving the _____ problem type, a data professional team at a bank analyzes financial market data from the past six months. They then use this information to understand what led to certain fluctuations and what is likely to cause them again.

  • finding patterns (CORRECT)
  • discovering connections
  • categorizing things
  • identifying themes

Correct!

EFFECTIVE QUESTIONS CONCLUSION

After completing the course, you will be well-versed in important topics such as data collection techniques, types of questions to ask when analyzing data, and best practices for working with various software programs related to data analytics. By mastering the basics of data analysis through this course, you’ll be able to apply your skills in a variety of professional contexts and make better decisions based on data. Ready to get started? Join the learning experience in Coursera today!